Gibbs' reflective cycle

 Gibbs’ reflective cycle 

 

 


What is Gibbs’ reflective cycle? 

Gibbs’ reflective cycle is a theory published in Graham Gibbs’ book on learning in 1988. It outlines the reflective cycle and each stage of reflecting on a new experience. Each stage has questions that need to be answered before moving to the next stage to create the most effective reflection environment and process:


Description 

The first stage of the reflective cycle answers questions about what has actually happened in the experience. The situation should be fully described without making judgements or coming to any conclusions. 


Feelings 

The second stage of the reflective cycle outlines the emotions, feelings and reactions that occurred during the experience. Describing the feelings will create a deeper understanding of the situation at hand and allows for a more accurate and precise conclusion to be made and knowledge created. 


Evaluation 

The third stage of the reflective cycle is focused on evaluating and reviewing the positives and negatives of the experience. This can be considered to make the first judgement about what went well and what could be improved next time. This stage is very important for progression and deep learning. 


Analysis 

The fourth stage of the reflective cycle recognises the process and outcomes of the situation. Points in the previous stages should be mentioned and considered to make a judgement on why things went well or failed and how can it be avoided next time. 


Conclusion 

The fifth stage of the reflective cycle summarises the actions and outcomes of the experience. Gibbs proposed two conclusions should be made, a general one and a specific one. These two conclusions should be made based on transferability and the base of opinions and personalised accounts.

 

Action plan 

Finally, the sixth stage is to formulate a plan recording future plans and areas of improvements. This is based on the responses to the previous answers to the stages before and the judgements made based off personal experience and logical thinking. 

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