Required Law - UK

 Required law – UK 

 

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 

The health and safety at work act includes regulations for working at height, manual handling, health and safety management and display screen regulations. 

    • Working at height – This law defines what an employer must do to protect their employees working at height. This includes checking equipment to see if they are suitable and stable, make sure employees aren’t overreaching, ensure they take precautions when working on fragile surfaces and provide protection from falling objects. 
    • Manual handling operations regulations – These regulations relate to moving/lifting large, heavy objects. Training should be completed to ensure employees are lifting in the correct method, so they put the least amount of strain on their back. If needed, equipment should be provided such as trolleys. 
    • Health and safety management – These regulations relate to carrying out risk assessments of the workplace. One designated person should execute these inspections. Employees have a right and duty to report any health and safety violations in the workplace to this person so they can be dealt with accordingly. 
    • Display screen regulations – This provides guidance to employees who use a device with a screen on it. The regulation states that anyone who uses a digital screen should aim to protect their posture, eyes and neck through correct arrangements of seating whilst at a device. 

 

 

Investigatory Powers Act 2016 

This act brought some surveillance powers to people in authority. It includes 3 different regulations. 

    • Interception of communications – This relates to any communication processes used such as phone calls, messages and emails. 
    • Equipment interference (hacking) - The security services have a legal exemption to hack into a digital device for security purposes. 
    • Retention of web records – The legislation allows security services to access data held by a website for investigative purposes. 

 

Freedom of Information Act 2000 

This law outlines the access to any information and being able to find out any information from a public authority. It applies to all public authority including government, health trusts, schools, and the police force. The information is requested by anyone regardless of age, gender, etc... The authority then has 20 working days to provide the relevant information. 

 

Computer Misuse Act 1990 

The computer misuse act criminalises the accessing or modifying of data stored on a computer system without appropriate consent or permission. The act was developed over the years leading to more acts being criminalised such as network security, preparation of a cyber-attack and other cyber-attack methods. Here are some examples: 

    • DDOS – Flooding a server with illegitimate packets so legitimate ones cannot get through, causing a server to slow down and in some cases fail. 
    • Phishing – A social engineering technique to obtain sensitive information through deception and misleading claims. 
    • SQL injection – Injecting (using) a fake string inside an entry box on a website that utilises SQL queries to hack into the code and control the database. 

All these attacks and more are illegal under UK law. 

 

Digital Economy Act 2017 

This law aims to implement commitments related to the digital economy made in the Conservative party manifesto. This law consists of a new right to 10 Mbps download speed which aims to make the internet more accessible to everyone. This law requires a more streamline and straightforward process when switching internet providers which is particularly relevant when a customer buys a bundle package from a provider. The law provides a new electronic communications code which aims to reduce the cost of building faster mobile and internet infrastructure. Landowners will also be compensated for land used to implement this new infrastructure. Also included is the statutory code of practice for direct marketing which allows the Commissioner’s office to apply sanctions to nuisance callers and spammers. Consent must be given by the consumers before communication is established. Also under this regulation, adult content must be put behind an age verification wall which aims to restrict children from viewing such content online. The DEA supports digital industries by raising the maximum prison sentence to ten years for breaching internet copyright law. It also enforces much harsher law on patents and physical copyright infringement. A new process known as webmarking can be used to protect assets that have a patent. 

 

Public Sector Bodies Accessibility Regulations 2018 

This set of regulations requires UK public sector websites and mobile apps to meet specified accessibility standards. The main standards are to make the applications/websites perceivable, understandable, robust, and operable. This aims to increase internet accessibility for people with and without disability. An accessibility statement must be created in an accessible format to provide clarification on the regulations that should be met by the website/app. This document would be kept under regular review. 

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