Network issue questions

 Network issue questions 

 

How would you verify that the DHCP server is not running or has insufficient available IP addresses, what steps would you take to address these issues? 

I would perform the command “ipconfig /release” and then perform the command “ipconfig /renew” afterwards. These commands would release the computer’s IP and get a new one from the DHCP server. If the computer receives an APIPA address, it shows the DHCP is not running, or it has insufficient IP addresses available. 

 

If you find the DHCP server is not running or it has insufficient available IP addresses, what should you do? 

First, if the DHCP server is not running then I would start it by logging into the admin console on the server and enabling the DHCP service. If it has insufficient available IP addresses, I will check the DHCP scope. If the scope is not large enough then I would increase the IP range, making sure to stay clear of any static IPs that may be configured. 

 

What specific switch settings would you check to make sure VLANs are configured correctly? 

I would run the command “display current-configuration" on the switch to display the configuration of the selected VLAN. This would allow me to verify the settings for the VLAN. 

 

If you discovered misconfigured VLAN settings, how would you correct them? 

First, I would evaluate the settings and analyse the misconfigurations in them. Then I would fix them using the relevant commands on the switch. 

 

What steps would you take to manually assign static IP addresses? 

Firstly, I would look at the DHCP scope to find an IP address that is out of the IP range. This would make sure that the IP can’t be assigned by DHCP because it is assigned to another computer. Then I would go to the device that I want the IP to be assigned to and go into the network configuration of it. From there I can disable its DHCP access and set a static IP address instead. 

 

After assigning the static IP, what additional checks would you perform to verify the DNS and default gateway is configured correctly? 

I would check the network configurations for the device to make sure that the right IPs have been assigned corresponding to the DNS server and default gateway. The default gateway should be the IP of the router and the DNS server should be the IP of the server where the DNS is running. We can check these by doing the command “ipconfig”. 

 

What results to the command “ping” would verify connectivity? 

When inputting the command “ping” you should be able to see the device pinging the host and the host responding back. This is what it should look like: 

 

Pinging [IP ADDRESS] with 32 bytes of data: 

Reply from [IP ADDRESS]: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 

Reply from [IP ADDRESS]: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=64 

Reply from [IP ADDRESS]: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 

Reply from [IP ADDRESS]: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 

  

Ping statistics for [IP ADDRESS]: 

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), 

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: 

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 4ms, Average = 1ms 

 

What results to the command “tracert” would verify connectivity? 

When inputting the command “tracert” you should be able to see the device sending ICMP packets to the host. This traces the route from the device to the host. This is what it should look like: 

 

Tracing route to [IP ADDRESS] over a maximum of 30 hops 

  1    <1 ms    <1 ms    <1 ms  [IP ADDRESS] 

Trace complete. 

 

If “ping” and “tracert” reveal connectivity issues, what should you do to further troubleshoot the issue? 

The first thing I would check is the device’s IP address. You can do this with the command “ipconfig”. This will display network information about the device including the IP address. If the IP is an APIPA address you may need to check the DHCP settings such as the scope to make sure that the DHCP service is giving out correct IP addresses. You may also want to check that the host is up and connected to the network with a correct IP address. 

 

What adjustments would you make to the DHCP scope and lease settings to accommodate an increase in staff? 

I would make sure the DHCP scope has enough IP addresses to support every device the staff are using. If not, then I would increase the scope making sure I stay clear of static IP addresses on the network such the router. I would also decrease the DHCP lease time to around 8 hours to make sure that devices on the network aren’t hogging IP addresses. 

 

After making changes to the DHCP settings and correcting VLAN configurations, how would you ensure every device had a valid IP address and could connect to the network? 

To verify every device was connected to the network, I would run an Nmap scan to list every device connected to it along with its corresponding IP address. This would show me if any devices were having trouble connecting to the network.  

 

How would you document the changes you have made? 

I would take screenshots of configuration panels to record all changes I have made. I would also write detailed notes of what I did and what I changed along with tests I performed. 

 

Why is it important to document network maintenance? 

It is important to document network changes and maintenance because if something were to go wrong in the future, you can look back on the changes you made which may be able to help you diagnose and fix the issue. 

 

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